Njengoba imishini kagesi eminingi ingena esikebheni sesimanje sokuhamba ngesikebhe, kufika isikhathi lapho ibhange lamabhethri lidinga ukwandiswa ukuze libhekane nezidingo zamandla ezikhulayo.
Kusavamile ukuthi izikebhe ezintsha zifike nebhethri elincane lokuqala injini kanye nebhethri lesevisi elincane ngokulinganayo – uhlobo lwento ezosebenzisa isiqandisi esincane amahora angama-24 ngaphambi kokuba sidinge ukushajwa kabusha. Engeza kulokhu ukusetshenziswa kwengilazi yomoya kagesi ngezikhathi ezithile, ukukhanyisa, izinsimbi zokuhamba kanye ne-autopilot futhi kuzodingeka usebenzise injini njalo emahoreni ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu.
Ukwandisa amandla ebhange lakho lebhethri kuzokuvumela ukuthi uhambe isikhathi eside phakathi kokushaja, noma ujule kakhulu ezimalini zakho ezigciniwe uma kudingeka, kodwa kunezinto eziningi okufanele uzicabangele kunezindleko zebhethri elengeziwe: kubalulekile ukucabangela indlela yokushaja nokuthi ngabe udinga ukuthuthukisa ishaja yakho yamandla ogwini, i-alternator noma ama-generator kagesi ahlukile.

Udinga amandla angakanani?

Ngaphambi kokuthi ucabange ukuthi uzodinga amandla engeziwe uma ungeza igiya likagesi, kungani ungaqali wenze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezidingo zakho. Ngokuvamile ukubuyekezwa okujulile kwezidingo zamandla okukhona kungaveza ukonga kwamandla okungenzeka okungenza kungadingeki ngisho nokwengeza amandla engeziwe kanye nokwanda kwamandla okushaja okuhambisana nakho.

Ukuqonda amandla
Isikrini singakusiza ukuthi ugcine amazinga ebhethri enempilo isikhathi eside
Isikhathi esifanele sokucabanga ngokufaka elinye ibhethri yilapho usuzoshintsha eselikhona. Ngaleyo ndlela uzobe uqala kabusha ngawo wonke amabhethri amasha, okuhlala kuyinto efanelekile - ibhethri elidala lingadonsa elisha uma selifika ekupheleni kokuphila kwalo.

Futhi, uma ufaka ibhange lasekhaya elinamabhethri amabili (noma ngaphezulu) kunengqondo ukuthenga amabhethri anomthamo ofanayo. Isilinganiso se-Ah esivame ukukhonjiswa kumabhethri okuphumula noma omjikelezo ojulile sibizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso saso se-C20 futhi sibhekisela kumthamo waso wethiyori uma ukhishwa esikhathini samahora angama-20.
Amabhethri okuqala injini anama-plate amancane okubhekana nokunyuka kwamandla kagesi okusheshayo futhi avame ukukalwa ngokusebenzisa ikhono lawo le-Cold Cranking Amps (CCA). Lawa awafanele ukusetshenziswa ebhange lesevisi njengoba efa ngokushesha uma ekhishwa njalo ngokujulile.
Amabhethri amahle kakhulu okusetshenziswa ekhaya azobizwa ngokuthi 'deep-cycle', okusho ukuthi azoba namapuleti aqinile aklanyelwe ukuletha amandla awo kancane kancane nangokuphindaphindwayo.

Ukwengeza ibhethri elengeziwe 'ngokufanayo'
Kuhlelo lwe-12V ukwengeza ibhethri elengeziwe kumane nje kuyindaba yokulifaka eduze ngangokunokwenzeka namabhethri akhona bese uxhuma ngokulingana, uxhumanisa amatheminali 'afanayo' (avela ku-positive kuya ku-positive, aphuma ku-negative kuya ku-negative) kusetshenziswa ikhebula elikhulu lobubanzi (ngokuvamile ububanzi obungu-70mm²) kanye namatheminali ebhethri acinywe kahle.
Ngaphandle kokuthi unamathuluzi kanye nekhebula elikhulu elilengayo, ngingaphakamisa ukuthi ulilinganise futhi ube nama-cross-link enziwe ngobuchwepheshe. Ungathenga i-crimper (eyamanzi ngokungangabazeki iyona engcono kakhulu) kanye nama-terminal ukuze uzenzele wena, kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali komsebenzi omncane kangaka ngokuvamile kuzoba kubi kakhulu.
Uma uxhuma amabhethri amabili ngesikhathi esifanayo kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi i-voltage yokukhipha yebhange izohlala ifana, kodwa amandla akho atholakalayo (Ah) azokhula. Kuvame ukudideka ngama-amps namahora e-amp. Kalula nje, i-amp iyisilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanje, kanti ihora le-amp liyisilinganiso sokugeleza kwamanje njalo ngehora. Ngakho-ke, ngokombono ibhethri le-100Ah (C20) linganikeza ugesi ongu-20A amahora amahlanu ngaphambi kokuba uthambe. Empeleni ngeke, ngenxa yezizathu eziningana eziyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa ukuze kube lula ngizolivumela lime.

Ukuxhuma amabhethri amasha 'ochungechungeni'
Uma ubungahlanganisa amabhethri amabili angu-12V ndawonye ngochungechunge (oluvela ko ...
Isivikelo nge-fuse yamandla aphezulu
Amabhange ebhethri kufanele avikelwe njalo ngama-fuse anomoya ophezulu (cishe ngo-200A) kokubili kuma-terminal okukhipha amahle nangalungile, futhi eduze kwama-terminal ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaphandle kokususwa kwamandla kuze kube ngemva kwe-fuse. Ama-block fuse akhethekile ayatholakala ngale njongo, aklanyelwe ukuze kungabikho lutho olungaxhunywa ngqo ebhethri ngaphandle kokudlula ku-fuse. Lokhu kunikeza isivikelo esiphezulu kuma-short-circuits ebhethri, angabangela umlilo kanye/noma ukuqhuma uma kungavikelwe.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhethri?
Wonke umuntu unokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kanye nemibono yakhe mayelana nokuthi hlobo luni lwebhethri olufanele ukusetshenziswa ku-ulwandleindawo ezungezile. Ngokwesiko, kwakungamabhethri amakhulu nasindayo avulekile agcwele i-lead-acid (FLA), futhi amaningi asakholelwa kulobu buchwepheshe obulula. Izinzuzo ukuthi ungawagcwalisa ngamanzi acwengekile kalula bese uhlola amandla eseli ngalinye usebenzisa i-hydrometer. Isisindo esinzima sasho ukuthi abaningi bakhe ibhange labo lesevisi ngamabhethri angu-6V, okulula ukuwasebenzisa kabi. Lokhu kusho nokuthi kuncane okuzolahleka uma iseli elilodwa lihluleka.
Isigaba esilandelayo phezulu amabhethri e-lead-acid avaliwe (i-SLA), abaningi abawathandayo ngenxa yezimfanelo zawo 'zokunganakekeli' kanye nokungachithi, yize engenakho ukushajwa ngamandla njengebhethri elivulekile ngenxa yekhono lawo lokukhipha umfutho wegesi owengeziwe kuphela esimweni esiphuthumayo.
Emashumini eminyaka ambalwa edlule kwaqaliswa amabhethri ejeli, lapho i-electrolyte yayiyijeli eqinile kunokuba ibe uketshezi. Nakuba ivaliwe, ingenaso isondlo futhi ikwazi ukunikeza inani elikhulu lemijikelezo yokushaja/yokukhipha, kwakudingeka ukuthi ishajwe kancane ngamandla futhi ibe ne-voltage ephansi kune-SLA.
Muva nje, amabhethri e-Absorbed Glass Mat (AGM) asethandwa kakhulu ezikebheni. Alula kune-LA evamile futhi njengoba i-electrolyte yawo imuncwa yi-matting kunokuba ibe uketshezi olukhululekile, awadingi ukulungiswa futhi angafakwa kunoma iyiphi i-engeli. Angamukela futhi amandla okushaja aphezulu, ngaleyo ndlela athathe isikhathi esincane sokushaja kabusha, futhi asinde emijikelezweni eminingi yokushaja/yokukhipha amandla kunamaseli agcwele amanzi. Okokugcina, anezinga eliphansi lokuzikhipha amandla, ngakho angashiywa ngaphandle kokushaja isikhathi eside.
Intuthuko yakamuva ihilela amabhethri asekelwe ku-lithium. Amanye ayazifela ngawo ngezindlela zawo ezahlukene (i-Li-ion noma i-LiFePO4 yiwona avame kakhulu), kodwa kufanele aphathwe futhi agcinwe ngokucophelela. Yebo, alula kakhulu kunanoma yiliphi elinye ibhethri lasolwandle futhi kuthiwa izibalo zokusebenza ezihlaba umxhwele, kodwa abiza kakhulu futhi adinga uhlelo lokuphatha amabhethri olusezingeni eliphezulu ukuze agcinwe eshajekile futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, alinganiswe phakathi kwamaseli.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyiqaphele lapho udala ibhange lesevisi elixhumene ukuthi wonke amabhethri kumele abe ohlobo olufanayo. Awukwazi ukuxuba i-SLA, i-Gel kanye ne-AGM futhi ngokuqinisekile awukwazi ukuxhumanisa noma yikuphi kwalokhu nanoma yikuphi.ibhethri elisekelwe ku-lithium.