Ukwakheka kweibhethri le-lithium

Ukwakheka kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamabhethri e-lithium kuhlanganisa kakhulu izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-electrode ezinhle, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-electrode ezimbi, abahlukanisi, ama-electrolyte, kanye nama-casing.

1. Phakathi kwezinto ze-electrode ezinhle, izinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu yi-lithium cobalt, i-lithium manganate, i-lithium iron phosphate kanye nezinto ze-ternary (ama-polymer e-nickel, i-cobalt kanye ne-manganese). Izinto ze-electrode ezinhle zibala ingxenye enkulu (isilinganiso sobuningi bezinto ze-electrode ezinhle nezimbi singu-3:1 ~ 4:1), ngoba ukusebenza kwezinto ze-electrode ezinhle kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza kwebhethri le-lithium-ion, futhi izindleko zalo nazo zinquma ngqo izindleko zebhethri.
2. Phakathi kwezinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-electrode angemihle, i-graphite yemvelo kanye ne-graphite yokwenziwa njengamanje yizinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-electrode angemihle ayinhloko. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-anode ezihlolwa zihlanganisa ama-nitride, i-polyaspartic acid, ama-oxide asekelwe ku-tin, ama-alloy e-tin, izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-nano-anode, kanye nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-intermetallic compounds. Njengenye yezinto ezine eziyinhloko zamabhethri e-lithium, izinto ezisetshenziswa kuma-electrode angemihle zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni umthamo webhethri kanye nokusebenza komjikelezo, futhi zisemkhathini wokufinyelela okuphakathi embonini yamabhethri e-lithium.
3. Izinto ze-diaphragm ezigxile emakethe ikakhulukazi ama-diaphragm e-polyolefin, enziwe kakhulu nge-polyethylene ne-polypropylene. Esakhiweni sesihlukanisi sebhethri le-lithium, isihlukanisi singenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zangaphakathi. Ukusebenza kwesihlukanisi kunquma isakhiwo se-interface kanye nokumelana kwangaphakathi kwebhethri, okuthinta ngqo umthamo, umjikelezo kanye nokusebenza kokuphepha kwebhethri. Isihlukanisi esisebenza kahle kakhulu sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwebhethri iyonke.
4. I-electrolyte ngokuvamile yenziwe ngezithako eziphilayo ezihlanzekile kakhulu, usawoti we-lithium we-electrolyte, izithasiselo ezidingekayo kanye nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ngesilinganiso esithile ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile. I-electrolyte idlala indima yokuqhuba ama-ion phakathi kwama-electrode amahle nangalungile ebhethri le-lithium, okuyisiqinisekiso samandla aphezulu kanye namandla athile aphezulu ebhethri le-lithium ion.
5. Ibhokisi lebhethri: lihlukaniswe ngebhokisi lensimbi, ibhokisi le-aluminium, ibhokisi lensimbi elifakwe i-nickel (lamabhethri asilinda), ifilimu ye-aluminium-plastic (ukupakisha okuthambile), njll., kanye nesivalo sebhethri, okuyizindawo ezinhle nezimbi zebhethri.
6. Umgomo wokusebenza kwebhethri
7. Uma ibhethri lishajwa, ama-ion e-lithium akhiqizwa ku-electrode enhle yebhethri, futhi ama-ion e-lithium akhiqizwayo athuthela ku-electrode engemihle nge-electrolyte. Isakhiwo sekhabhoni se-electrode engemihle sinama-pores amaningi, kanti ama-ion e-lithium afinyelela ku-electrode engemihle afakwa kuma-micropores engqimba yekhabhoni. Uma ama-ion e-lithium amaningi efakwa, kulapho umthamo wokushaja uzoba phezulu khona. Lapho ibhethri likhishwa, ama-ion e-lithium afakwe kungqimba yekhabhoni ye-electrode engemihle ayaphuma abuyele ku-electrode enhle. Uma ama-ion e-lithium amaningi ebuyela ku-electrode enhle, kulapho umthamo wokukhipha uphakama khona. Ngokuvamile, umthamo wokukhipha ubhekisela kumthamo wokukhipha. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja nokukhipha ibhethri le-lithium, ama-ion e-lithium asesimweni sokuhamba esuka ku-electrode enhle aye ku-electrode engemihle. Uma isithombe sebhethri le-lithium siqhathaniswa nesihlalo esinyakazayo, izinhlangothi ezimbili zesihlalo esinyakazayo zingama-electrode amahle nangalungile ebhethri, kanti ama-ion e-lithium afana nabadlali, agijima emuva naphambili phakathi kwezinhlangothi ezimbili zesihlalo esinyakazayo. Ngakho-ke amabhethri e-lithium abizwa nangokuthi amabhethri esihlalo esinyakazayo.