Amabhethri e-lithium-ion akhona cishe kuzo zonke izisetshenziswa onazo. Kusukela kuma-smartphone kuya ezimotweni zikagesi, lawa mabhethri ashintshe umhlaba. Noma kunjalo, amabhethri e-lithium-ion anohlu olukhulu lwezinkinga ezenza i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ibe yisinqumo esingcono.

Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 ahluke kanjani?

Empeleni, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 nawo angamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezahlukene ze-chemistries zamabhethri e-lithium, kanti amabhethri e-LiFePO4 asebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate njengezinto ze-cathode (uhlangothi olungalungile) kanye ne-graphite carbon electrode njenge-anode (uhlangothi oluhle).

Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anomthamo wamandla ophansi kakhulu kunezinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium-ion amanje, ngakho awafiseleki kumadivayisi anesikhala esincane njengama-smartphone. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kushintshana komthamo wamandla kuza nezinzuzo ezimbalwa ezinhle.

Izinzuzo Zamabhethri e-LiFePO4

Enye yezinto ezimbi kakhulu ngamabhethri avamile e-lithium-ion ukuthi aqala ukuguga ngemva kwemijikelezo yokushaja engamakhulu ambalwa. Yingakho ifoni yakho ilahlekelwa amandla ayo aphezulu ngemva kweminyaka emibili noma emithathu.

Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 ngokuvamile anikeza okungenani imijikelezo yokushaja egcwele engu-3000 ngaphambi kokuba aqale ukulahlekelwa amandla. Amabhethri asezingeni elingcono asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele angadlula imijikelezo eyi-10,000. Lawa mabhethri ashibhile futhi kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion polymer, njengalawo atholakala kumafoni nama-laptop.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlobo oluvamile lwebhethri le-lithium, i-nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) lithium, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anezindleko eziphansi kancane. Uma ehlanganiswe nesikhathi esengeziwe sokuphila se-LiFePO4, ashibhile kakhulu kunezinye izindlela.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 awanawo i-nickel noma i-cobalt kuwo. Zombili lezi zinto azivamile futhi ziyabiza, futhi kunezinkinga zemvelo nezokuziphatha mayelana nokumbiwa kwawo. Lokhu kwenza amabhethri e-LiFePO4 abe uhlobo lwebhethri oluluhlaza olunezingxabano ezincane ezihambisana nezinto zawo.

Inzuzo enkulu yokugcina yala mabhethri ukuphepha kwawo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamakhemikhali ebhethri le-lithium. Akungabazeki ukuthi ufunde ngemililo yebhethri le-lithium kumadivayisi afana nama-smartphone namabhodi okulinganisela.

Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 azinzile kakhulu kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium. Kunzima ukuwashisa, aphatha kangcono amazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi awaboli njengoba amanye amakhemikhali e-lithium evame ukwenza.

Kungani Sibona Lawa Mabhethri Manje?

Umqondo wamabhethri e-LiFePO4 wanyatheliswa okokuqala ngo-1996, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngu-2003 lapho la mabhethri aqala ukusebenza khona ngempela, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-carbon nanotubes. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kuthathe isikhathi esithile ukuthi ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi kukhuphuke, izindleko zincintisane, kanye namacala okusetshenziswa angcono kakhulu ala mabhethri ukuba acace.

Kuze kube ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yo-2010 nasekuqaleni kwawo-2020 lapho imikhiqizo yezentengiselwano evelele equkethe ubuchwepheshe be-LiFePO4 itholakale khona emashalofini nasezingosini ezifana ne-Amazon.

Isikhathi Sokucabangela I-LiFePO4

Ngenxa yokuthi amandla awo aphansi, amabhethri e-LiFePO4 awayona inketho enhle yobuchwepheshe obuphathekayo obuncane nobulula. Ngakho ngeke uwabone kuma-smartphone, amaphilisi, noma ama-laptop. Okungenani okwamanje.

Kodwa-ke, uma ukhuluma ngamadivayisi ongadingi ukuwaphatha, lokho kuncipha kwamandla ngokuzumayo akubalulekile kakhulu. Uma ufuna ukuthenga i-UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) ukuze ugcine i-router noma i-workstation yakho ivuliwe ngesikhathi sokuphazamiseka kukagesi, i-LiFePO4 iyisinqumo esihle.

Eqinisweni, i-LiFePO4 isiqala ukuba yisinqumo esithandwayo sezinhlelo zokusebenza lapho amabhethri e-lead acid afana nalawo esiwasebenzisa ezimotweni abe yisinqumo esingcono kakhulu. Lokho kufaka phakathi isitoreji samandla elanga ekhaya noma ama-backups kagesi aboshwe ngegridi. Amabhethri e-lead acid asinda kakhulu, anamandla amancane, aphila isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, anobuthi, futhi awakwazi ukusingatha ukuphuma okujulile okuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kokuwohloka.

Uma uthenga amadivayisi asebenzisa amandla elanga njengokukhanya kwelanga, futhi unenketho yokusebenzisa i-LiFePO4, cishe njalo kuyisinqumo esifanele. Idivayisi ingasebenza iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokudinga ukulungiswa.