Cabanga ngososayensi otshela abazali bakho, ngosuku owazalwa ngalo, ukuthi uzophila isikhathi esingakanani. Okuhlangenwe nakho okufanayo kungenzeka kososayensi bamakhemikhali bebhethri abasebenzisa amamodeli amasha ekhompyutha ukubala isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri ngokusekelwe kumjikelezo owodwa wedatha yokuhlola.

Esifundweni esisha, abacwaningi e-US Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory baphendukele emandleni okufunda komshini ukuze babikezele isikhathi sokuphila sezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-chemistry yebhethri. Ngokusebenzisa idatha yokuhlola eqoqwe e-Argonne kusuka kusethi yamabhethri angu-300 amele i-chemistry yebhethri ehlukene eyisithupha, ososayensi banganquma ngokunembile ukuthi amabhethri ahlukene azoqhubeka isikhathi esingakanani ejikeleza.

Abacwaningi base-Argonne basebenzise amamodeli okufunda komshini ukwenza izibikezelo zempilo yomjikelezo webhethri ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zamakhemikhali. (Isithombe nguShutterstock/Sealstep.)

Ku-algorithm yokufunda komshini, ososayensi baqeqesha uhlelo lwekhompyutha ukwenza iziphetho ngesethi yokuqala yedatha, bese bethatha lokho abakufundile kulolo qeqesho ukuze benze izinqumo ngesethi entsha yedatha.

“Kuzo zonke izinhlobo ezahlukene zokusetshenziswa kwebhethri, kusukela kumaselula kuya ezimotweni zikagesi kuya endaweni yokugcina igridi, isikhathi sebhethri sibaluleke kakhulu kuwo wonke umthengi,” kusho usosayensi wekhompyutha wase-Argonne uNoah Paulson, umbhali walolu cwaningo. “Ukusebenzisa ibhethri izikhathi eziyizinkulungwane kuze kube yilapho lihluleka kungathatha iminyaka; indlela yethu idala uhlobo lwekhishi lokuhlola lokubala lapho singathola khona ngokushesha ukuthi amabhethri ahlukene azosebenza kanjani.”

“Njengamanje, okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuhlola ukuthi amandla ebhethri aphela kanjani ukujikelezisa ibhethri,” kwenezela isazi se-electrochemist u-Argonne uSusan “Sue” Babinec, omunye umbhali walolu cwaningo. “Kubiza kakhulu futhi kuthatha isikhathi eside.”

Ngokusho kukaPaulson, inqubo yokusungula isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri ingaba nzima. “Iqiniso liwukuthi amabhethri awahlali isikhathi eside, futhi ukuthi ahlala isikhathi esingakanani kuncike endleleni esiwasebenzisa ngayo, kanye nomklamo wawo kanye nekhemikhali yawo,” kusho yena. “Kuze kube manje, bekungakaze kube nendlela enhle yokwazi ukuthi ibhethri lizohlala isikhathi esingakanani. Abantu bazofuna ukwazi ukuthi banesikhathi esingakanani kuze kube yilapho bechitha imali ebhethrini elisha.”

Esinye isici esiyingqayizivele salolu cwaningo ukuthi luthembele emsebenzini omkhulu wokuhlola owenziwe e-Argonne ezintweni ezahlukahlukene ze-cathode yebhethri, ikakhulukazi i-cathode esekelwe ku-Argonne ene-nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC). "Sasinamabhethri amelela amakhemikhali ahlukene, anezindlela ezahlukene zokuwohloka nokwehluleka," kusho uPaulson. "Inani lalolu cwaningo ukuthi lisinike izimpawu ezibonisa indlela amabhethri ahlukene asebenza ngayo."

Ucwaningo olwengeziwe kule ndawo lunamandla okuqondisa ikusasa lamabhethri e-lithium-ion, kusho uPaulson. “Enye yezinto esikwazi ukuzenza ukuqeqesha i-algorithm kumakhemikhali aziwayo futhi siyenze ibikezele kumakhemikhali angaziwa,” kusho yena. “Empeleni, i-algorithm ingasiza ekusikhombeni endleleni yamakhemikhali amasha nathuthukisiwe anikeza isikhathi eside sokuphila.”

Ngale ndlela, uPaulson ukholelwa ukuthi i-algorithm yokufunda komshini ingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa nokuhlolwa kwezinto zebhethri. "Ake sithi unezinto ezintsha, bese uzijikeleza izikhathi ezimbalwa. Ungasebenzisa i-algorithm yethu ukubikezela ubude bazo, bese wenza izinqumo zokuthi ufuna ukuqhubeka nokuzijikeleza ngokuhlola noma cha."

“Uma ungumcwaningi elabhorethri, ungathola futhi uhlole izinto eziningi ngesikhathi esifushane ngoba unendlela esheshayo yokuzihlola,” kusho uBabinec.

Iphepha elisekelwe ocwaningweni, “Ubunjiniyela bezici zokufunda komshini buvumele ukubikezela kusenesikhathi kwesikhathi sebhethri,” kuvele ohlelweni oluku-inthanethi lwangoFebhuwari 25 lwe-Journal of Power Sources.

Ngaphezu kukaPaulson noBabinec, abanye ababhali baleli phepha bahlanganisa uJoseph Kubal ka-Argonne, uLogan Ward, uSaurabh Saxena noWenquan Lu.

Ucwaningo luxhaswe ngesibonelelo se-Argonne Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD).