Ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, amabhethri anomthamo ophezulu ayadingeka kakhulu namuhla. Lawa mabhethri anezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, okuhlanganisa amabhethri elanga, ezimoto zikagesi, kanye nezokungcebeleka. Amabhethri e-lead-acid ayewukuphela kokukhetha amandla ebhethri aphezulu emakethe kwaze kwaba yiminyaka embalwa edlule. Isifiso samabhethri asekelwe ku-lithium sishintshe kakhulu emakethe yamanje, nokho, ngenxa yezinhlelo zawo.

Ibhethri le-lithium-ion kanye ne-lithium Iron phosphate (I-LiFePO4) ibhethri lihlukile phakathi kwamanye kulokhu. Abantu bavame ukubuza ngomehluko phakathi kwamabhethri amabili ngoba asekelwe ku-lithium.

Ngenxa yalokho, sizohlola lawa mabhethri ngokujulile kulesi sihloko bese sixoxa ngokuthi ahlukahluka kanjani. Ngokufunda ngokusebenza kwawo ngezici ezahlukahlukene, uzothola ukuqonda okwengeziwe ngokuthi yiliphi ibhethri elizokusebenzela kangcono. Ngaphandle kokuchitha isikhathi, ake siqale:

Kungani Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 engcono:

Abakhiqizi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene babheka i-lithium iron phosphate ukuze basebenzise lapho ukuphepha kubalulekile khona. Ukuqina kwamakhemikhali nokushisa okuhle kakhulu kuyisici se-lithium iron phosphate. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, leli bhethri ligcina ukupholisa kwalo.

Ayishi futhi uma iphathwe kabi ngesikhathi sokushaja okusheshayo nokukhishwa kwegesi noma lapho kuvela izinkinga ze-short circuit. Ngenxa yokumelana kwe-phosphate cathode ekushiseni noma ekuqhumeni ngesikhathi sokushaja ngokweqile noma ukushisa ngokweqile kanye nekhono lebhethri lokugcina amazinga okushisa ezolile, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate ngokuvamile awabi naso isikhathi sokushisa.

Kodwa-ke, izinzuzo zokuphepha ze-lithium-ion battery chemistry azinkulu kangako kuneze-lithium iron phosphate. Ibhethri lingathembeka kakhulu ngenxa yobuningi bamandla alo aphezulu, okuyiphutha. Njengoba ibhethri le-lithium-ion lingashiswa ukushisa, lifudumala ngokushesha ngenkathi lishaja. Ukususwa kwebhethri ekugcineni ngemva kokusetshenziswa noma ukungasebenzi kahle kungenye inzuzo ye-lithium iron phosphate ngokuphepha.

I-chemistry ye-lithium cobalt dioxide esetshenziswa kumabhethri e-lithium-ion ibhekwa njengeyingozi ngoba ingaveza abantu ezimpendulweni zokungezwani komzimba emehlweni nasesikhumbeni sabo. Uma igwinywa, ingabangela nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. Ngenxa yalokho, amabhethri e-lithium-ion adinga ukukhathazeka okukhethekile ngokulahla. Kodwa-ke, abakhiqizi bangalahla i-lithium iron phosphate kalula ngoba ayinabo ubuthi.

Ukujula kokukhishwa kwamabhethri e-lithium-ion kusuka ku-80% kuya ku-95%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi kufanele uhlale ushiya okungenani ukushaja okungu-5% kuya ku-20% (iphesenti eliqondile liyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe ebhethrini elithile) ebhethrini. Ukujula kokukhishwa kwamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LiFeP04) kuphakeme kakhulu ku-100%. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ibhethri lingakhishwa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwengozi yokulilimaza. Ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate liyintandokazi kakhulu ngokujula kokuphelelwa amandla.

Iyini inkinga enkulu yebhethri le-Lithium-ion?

Izindleko kanye nokuthembeka kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla, njengalezo ezisetshenziswa njengezinsiza zamandla ezisekelayo noma ukunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwamandla akhiqizwayo emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo, kuthonywa kakhulu impilo yokusebenza kwamabhethri. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-lithium-ion anezinkinga ezinkulu, okuhlanganisa imiphumela yokuguga kanye nokuvikelwa.

Amandla amabhethri e-lithium-ion namaseli aphansi kunalawo amabhethri e-Lithium iron phosphate. Kudingeka aqaphele ukuthi angashajwa kakhulu futhi akhishwe ngokweqile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumele agcine ugesi ngaphakathi kwemingcele eyamukelekayo. Ngenxa yalokho, enye inkinga yamabhethri e-lithium-ion ukuthi izifunda zokuvikela kumele zengezwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zigcinwa ngaphakathi kwebanga lazo lokusebenza eliphephile.

Ngenhlanhla, ubuchwepheshe besekethe ehlanganisiwe yedijithali kwenza kube lula ukufaka lokhu ebhethrini noma, uma ibhethri lingashintshaniswa, imishini. Amabhethri e-Li-ion angasetshenziswa ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe obukhethekile ngenxa yokufakwa kwesekethe yokuphathwa kwebhethri. Uma ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele, lingagcinwa lishajwe, futhi ishaja izonqamula amandla ebhethri.

Amabhethri e-lithium-ion anezinhlelo zokuphatha amabhethri ezakhelwe ngaphakathi eziqapha izici ezahlukahlukene zokusebenza kwawo. Isekethe yokuvikela ikhawulela i-voltage ephezulu kakhulu yeseli ngalinye ngesikhathi sokushaja ngoba i-voltage eningi kakhulu ingalimaza amaseli. Njengoba amabhethri ngokuvamile enoxhumano olulodwa kuphela, avame ukushajwa ngokulandelana, okwandisa ingozi yokuthi iseli elilodwa lithole i-voltage ephezulu kunedingekayo ngoba amaseli ahlukahlukene angase adinge amazinga ahlukene okushaja.

Uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri luphinde lulandele izinga lokushisa kweseli ukuze kugwenywe amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Amabhethri amaningi anokushaja okuphezulu futhi anciphisa amandla kagesi aphakathi kuka-1°C no-2°C. Kodwa-ke, uma kushajwa ngokushesha, amanye afudumala kancane ngezinye izikhathi.

Iqiniso lokuthi amabhethri e-lithium ion ayawohloka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungenye yezingqinamba ezinkulu zokuwasebenzisa kumadivayisi abathengi. Lokhu kuncike esikhathini noma kukhalenda, kodwa futhi kuncike ekutheni ibhethri selidlulile emijikelezweni emingaki yokushaja. Ngokuvamile, amabhethri angabekezelela imijikelezo engu-500 kuya ku-1000 yokushaja ngaphambi kokuba umthamo wawo uqale ukwehla. Leli nani liyakhuphuka njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-lithium-ion buthuthuka, kodwa uma amabhethri akhelwe emshinini, angadinga ukushintshwa ngemva kwesikhashana.

Ungakhetha kanjani phakathi kwamabhethri e-LiFePO4 kanye ne-Lithium-ion?

I-lithium iron phosphate (I-LiFePO4Amabhethri e-LiFePO4 anenzuzo eziningi uma eqhathaniswa namabhethri e-lithium-ion. Ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha nokushayela okuthuthukisiwe, isikhathi eside sokuphila, ukunganakekelwa, ukuphepha okukhulu, kanye nokukhanya okuncane, ukubala okumbalwa. Nakuba amabhethri e-LiFePO4 engekho phakathi kwalawo angabizi kakhulu emakethe, ayitshalomali olubaluleke kakhulu lwesikhathi eside ngenxa yokuphila kwawo isikhathi eside kanye nokuntuleka kokunakekelwa.

Uma ukhipha amanzi angaphansi kuka-80%, amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate angashajwa kabusha izikhathi ezifika ku-5000 ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kahle. Isikhathi sokusebenza samabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) singandiswa ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri awanayo imiphumela yememori, futhi ungawagcina isikhathi eside ngenxa yesilinganiso sawo esiphansi sokuzikhipha (3% ngenyanga). Kudingeka ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngamabhethri e-lithium-ion. Uma kungenjalo, isikhathi sokuphila kwawo sizoncipha kakhulu.

Ivolumu yokushaja engu-100% yamabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) ingasetshenziswa. Aphelele futhi ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yamazinga awo okushaja okusheshayo nokukhipha. Ukusebenza kahle kuyandiswa, futhi noma yikuphi ukubambezeleka kunciphisa ngokushaja okusheshayo. Amandla alethwa ngokuqhuma okusheshayo ngamaza okushaya kwenhliziyo aphezulu.

Isixazululo

Ugesi welanga uye wahlala emakethe ngoba amabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu. Kuphephile ukusho ukuthi ikhambi elingcono lokugcina amandla lizoholela endaweni ehlanzekile, ephephile, neyigugu kakhulu. Amadivayisi kagesi welanga angazuza kakhulu ngokusebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate kanye ne-lithium-ion.

Nokho,I-LiFePO4Amabhethri anezinzuzo eziningi kubathengi nabathengisi. Ukutshala imali eziteshini zikagesi eziphathwayo ngamabhethri e-LiFePO4 kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuphezulu, isikhathi eside sokushaja, kanye nemiphumela encishisiwe yezemvelo.