Ngokusho kwesikhulumi emhlanganweni wamabhethri, “Ubuhlakani bokwenziwa bufuya ibhethri, okuyisilwane sasendle.” Kunzima ukubona izinguquko ebhethrini njengoba lisetshenziswa; kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lishajwe ngokuphelele noma alinalutho, lisha noma ligugile futhi lidinga ukushintshwa, lihlala libonakala lifana. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ithayi lemoto lizoshintsha uma liphansi emoyeni futhi lizobonisa ukuphela kwalo lapho ama-treadmill egugile.

Izinkinga ezintathu zifingqa izinkinga zebhethri: [1] umsebenzisi akaqiniseki ukuthi iphakethe lisele isikhathi esingakanani; [2] umphathi akaqiniseki ukuthi ibhethri lingahlangabezana yini nesidingo samandla; futhi [3] ishaja idinga ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngosayizi webhethri ngalinye kanye nekhemistri. Ibhethri "elihlakaniphile" lithembisa ukubhekana nezinye zalezi ziphutha, kodwa izixazululo ziyinkimbinkimbi.

Abasebenzisi bamabhethri bavame ukucabanga ngephakethe lebhethri njengohlelo lokugcina amandla olukhipha uphethiloli oluwuketshezi njengethangi likaphethiloli. Ibhethri lingabhekwa kanjalo ngenxa yokulula, kodwa ukulinganisa amandla agcinwe kudivayisi ye-electrochemical kunzima kakhulu.

Njengoba ibhodi lesifunda eliphrintiwe elilawula ukusebenza kwebhethri le-lithium likhona, i-lithium ibhekwa njengebhethri elihlakaniphile. Noma kunjalo, ibhethri le-lead acid elivalwe kahle alinawo amandla okulawula ibhodi ukuze lenze ngcono ukusebenza kwalo.

Kuyini ibhethri elihlakaniphile?

Noma yiliphi ibhethri elinesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri eyakhelwe ngaphakathi libhekwa njengelihlakaniphile. Livame ukusetshenziswa kumagajethi ahlakaniphile, kufaka phakathi amakhompyutha kanye nezinto zikagesi eziphathwayo. Ibhethri elihlakaniphile liqukethe isekethe kagesi ngaphakathi kanye nezinzwa ezingaqapha izici ezifana nempilo yomsebenzisi kanye ne-voltage kanye namazinga wamanje bese zidlulisela lokho kufundwa kudivayisi.

Amabhethri ahlakaniphile anekhono lokubona imingcele yawo yesimo sokushaja kanye nesimo sempilo, idivayisi engayifinyelela ngokuxhumeka kwedatha okukhethekile. Ibhethri elihlakaniphile, ngokungafani nebhethri elingelona elihlakaniphile, lingadlulisela lonke ulwazi olufanele kudivayisi nakumsebenzisi, okwenza izinqumo ezifanele ezinolwazi zenziwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibhethri elingelona elihlakaniphile alinandlela yokwazisa idivayisi noma umsebenzisi ngesimo sayo, okungabangela ukusebenza okungalindelekile. Isibonelo, ibhethri lingaxwayisa umsebenzisi uma kudingeka lishajwe noma uma selisondela ekupheleni kokuphila kwalo noma lonakele nganoma iyiphi indlela ukuze kuthengwe okunye. Lingaxwayisa umsebenzisi uma kudingeka lishajwe. Ngokwenza lokhu, okuningi kokungabikezeleki okubangelwa amadivayisi amadala—okungasebenza kabi ngezikhathi ezibalulekile—kungagwenywa.

Ukucaciswa kwebhethri elihlakaniphile

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza komkhiqizo, ukuphepha, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwawo, ibhethri, ishaja ehlakaniphile, kanye nedivayisi yomsingathi konke kuyaxhumana. Isibonelo, ibhethri ehlakaniphile idinga ukushajwa uma kudingeka kunokuba ifakwe ohlelweni lomsingathi ukuze kusetshenziswe amandla njalo nangokuqhubekayo. Amabhethri ahlakaniphile ahlala eqapha amandla awo lapho eshaja, ekhipha, noma egcina. Ukuze kutholakale izinguquko ekushiseni kwebhethri, izinga lokushaja, izinga lokukhipha, njll., igeyiji yebhethri isebenzisa izici ezithile. Amabhethri ahlakaniphile ngokuvamile anezimpawu zokuzilinganisela nezivumelana nezimo. Ukusebenza kwebhethri kuzolinyazwa ukugcina ibhethri ngokugcwele. Ukuze kuvikelwe ibhethri, ibhethri ehlakaniphile ingakhipha amanzi ku-voltage yokugcina njengoba kudingeka futhi isebenze umsebenzi wokugcina ohlakaniphile njengoba kudingeka.

Ngokwethulwa kwamabhethri ahlakaniphile, abasebenzisi, imishini, kanye nebhethri bonke bangaxhumana. Abakhiqizi nezinhlangano ezilawulayo bahlukile endleleni ibhethri elingase libe "elihlakaniphile" ngayo. Ibhethri elihlakaniphile eliyisisekelo kakhulu lingafaka kuphela i-chip eyalela ishaja yebhethri ukuthi isebenzise i-algorithm yokushaja efanele. Kodwa, i-Smart Battery System (SBS) Forum ngeke iyibheke njengebhethri elihlakaniphile ngenxa yesidingo sayo sezinkomba ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezibalulekile emishinini yezokwelapha, yezempi, neyekhompyutha lapho kungekho khona indawo yephutha.

Ubuhlakani besistimu kumele bube ngaphakathi kwephakethe lebhethri ngoba ukuphepha kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko ezikhathazayo. I-chip elawula ukushaja kwebhethri isetshenziswa yibhethri le-SBS, futhi ixhumana nalo ngendlela evaliwe. Ibhethri lamakhemikhali lithumela izimpawu ze-analog kushaja eliyiyalela ukuthi iyeke ukushaja lapho ibhethri seligcwele. Kwengezwe ukuzwa izinga lokushisa. Abakhiqizi abaningi bamabhethri ahlakaniphile namuhla banikeza ubuchwepheshe be-fuel gauge obaziwa ngokuthi i-System Management Bus (SMBus), obuhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe be-chip yesekethe ehlanganisiwe (IC) ezinhlelweni zentambo eyodwa noma ezimbili.

I-Dallas Semiconductor Inc. yembule i-1-Wire, uhlelo lokulinganisa olusebenzisa intambo eyodwa yokuxhumana ngesivinini esiphansi. Idatha newashi kuyahlanganiswa bese kuthunyelwa emgqeni ofanayo. Ekupheleni kokwamukela, ikhodi yaseManchester, eyaziwa nangokuthi ikhodi yesigaba, ihlukanisa idatha. Ikhodi yebhethri nedatha, njenge-voltage yayo, yamanje, izinga lokushisa, kanye nemininingwane ye-SoC, kugcinwa futhi kulandelwe yi-1-Wire. Emabhethri amaningi, intambo ehlukile yokuzwa izinga lokushisa isetshenziswa ngezinjongo zokuphepha. Uhlelo luhlanganisa ishaja kanye nephrothokholi yalo. Kuhlelo lwe-Benchmarq olulodwa lwentambo, ukuhlolwa kwesimo sempilo (i-SoH) kudinga "ukushadisa" idivayisi yokusingatha nebhethri layo elinikeziwe.

I-1-Wire inxusa izinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezincishisiwe njengebhethri le-barcode scanner, amabhethri omsakazo asebenza ngezindlela ezimbili, kanye namabhethri ezempi ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphansi zehadiwe.