Ngenxa yezimpawu ze-ibhethri le-lithiumngokwalo, uhlelo lokuphatha amabhethri (i-BMS) kumele lufakwe. Amabhethri angenalo uhlelo lokuphatha awavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa, okuzoba nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Ukuphepha kuhlala kuyinto eza kuqala ezinhlelweni zamabhethri. Amabhethri, uma engavikelwe noma engaphathwanga kahle, angaba nengozi yokuphila isikhathi esifushane, umonakalo, noma ukuqhuma.

I-BMS: (Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri) isetshenziswa kakhulu kumabhethri kagesi, njengezimoto zikagesi, amabhayisikili kagesi, isitoreji samandla nezinye izinhlelo ezinkulu.

Imisebenzi eyinhloko yohlelo lokuphathwa kwebhethri (i-BMS) ifaka phakathi i-voltage yebhethri, izinga lokushisa kanye nokulinganisa kwamanje, ibhalansi yamandla, ukubalwa kanye nokuboniswa kwe-SOC, i-alamu engavamile, ukuphathwa kokushaja nokukhipha, ukuxhumana, njll., ngaphandle kwemisebenzi yokuvikela eyisisekelo yohlelo lokuvikela. Amanye ama-BMS ahlanganisa nokuphathwa kokushisa, ukushisa kwebhethri, ukuhlaziywa kwempilo yebhethri (i-SOH), ukulinganiswa kokumelana nokushisa, nokuningi.

Isingeniso kanye nokuhlaziywa komsebenzi we-BMS:
1. Ukuvikelwa kwebhethri, okufana ne-PCM, ukushaja ngokweqile, ukukhishwa ngokweqile, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme, ugesi ongaphezu kwamandla, kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-short circuit. Njengamabhethri ajwayelekile e-lithium-manganese kanye nama-element amathathuamabhethri e-lithium-ion, uhlelo lusika ngokuzenzakalelayo isekethe yokushaja noma yokukhipha uma selubona ukuthi noma yimaphi ama-voltage ebhethri adlula u-4.2V noma noma yimaphi ama-voltage ebhethri awela ngaphansi kuka-3.0V. Uma izinga lokushisa lebhethri lidlula izinga lokushisa lokusebenza lebhethri noma amandla kagesi edlula amandla kagesi okukhipha amanzi echibini lebhethri, uhlelo lusika ngokuzenzakalelayo indlela yamanje ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwebhethri nohlelo.

2. Ibhalansi yamandla, konkeiphakethe lebhethri, ngenxa yamabhethri amaningi alandelanayo, ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi esithile, ngenxa yokungahambisani kwebhethri uqobo, ukungahambisani kwezinga lokushisa lokusebenza nezinye izizathu, ekugcineni kuzobonisa umehluko omkhulu, kunomthelela omkhulu empilweni yebhethri kanye nokusetshenziswa kohlelo. Ibhalansi yamandla iwukwenza umehluko phakathi kwamaseli ngamanye ukwenza ukushaja okusebenzayo noma okungasebenzi noma ukuphathwa kokukhipha, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwebhethri, ukwandisa impilo yebhethri. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zebhalansi engasebenzi kanye nebhalansi esebenzayo embonini. Ibhalansi engasebenzi ngokuyinhloko iwukulinganisela inani lamandla ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kokumelana, kuyilapho ibhalansi esebenzayo ngokuyinhloko iwukudlulisela inani lamandla kusuka ebhethrini kuya ebhethrini ngamandla amancane nge-capacitor, i-inductor noma i-transformer. Ukulingana okungasebenzi kanye nokusebenzayo kuqhathaniswa kuthebula elingezansi. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokulingana olusebenzayo luyinkimbinkimbi futhi izindleko ziphezulu, okuyinhloko kuseyi-equilibrium engasebenzi.

3. Ukubalwa kwe-SOC,amandla ebhethriUkubala kuyingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ye-BMS, izinhlelo eziningi zidinga ukwazi ngokunembile isimo samandla asele. Ngenxa yentuthuko yobuchwepheshe, ukubala kwe-SOC kuqoqe izindlela eziningi, izidingo zokunemba aziphezulu zingasuselwa ku-voltage yebhethri ukuze kwahlulelwe amandla asele, indlela eyinhloko enembile yindlela yokuhlanganisa yamanje (eyaziwa nangokuthi indlela ye-Ah), i-Q = ∫i dt, kanye nendlela yokumelana yangaphakathi, indlela yenethiwekhi ye-neural, indlela yokuhlunga ye-Kalman. Ukulinganisa kwamanje kuseyindlela evelele embonini.

4. Ukuxhumana. Izinhlelo ezahlukene zinezidingo ezahlukene zezindawo zokuxhumana. Izindawo zokuxhumana ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi i-SPI, i-I2C, i-CAN, i-RS485 njalo njalo. Izinhlelo zokugcina izimoto kanye nezamandla ikakhulukazi yi-CAN kanye ne-RS485.